Impact of Disruptive Technology on the Performance of Insurance Firms in Kenya

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to explore the impact of disruptive technology on the performance of insurance firms in Kenya. Methods: The study utilized desktop literature review and focused on previously published journals in PDF format that address technology and the performance of insurance firms. A total of 13 journals was found relating to technology and the performance of insurance firms. The study utilized a sample of 12 journals which were randomly selected from a list of published journals in PDF format relating to disruptive technology and performance of insurance firms. The theories underpinning of the study entailed Christensen's Theory of Disruptive Technology, the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Schumpeterian Theory of Creative Destruction. Results: The review of literature revealed that various aspects of disruptive technology have a significant impact on organizational performance. The review showed that mobile phone technology has a significant influence and explains to a large extent the growth of micro insurance in Kenya. It was also found that the increase in industrial convergence, technological innovation and social digital trends increases the financial performance of financial institutions including insurance firms. The study also established that there is a strong and positive relationship between insurance innovation strategies and a firm's performance. In addition, it was found out that real-time business evaluation through big data analytics boosts overall performance and profitability, thus thrusting the organization further into the growth cycle. Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The leadership and management of insurance companies should put greater emphasis on the adoption of disruptive technologies to improve on both financial and non-financial performance as well as their competitiveness within the industry. These include Big Data, Analytics, Artificial Intelligence Systems, Cloud Computing and Digital Currency Technologies. Processes in the organizations should be refined to ensure that they are efficient and effective as this serves to increase market share and to reduce on operational costs. Moreover, explorations in disruptive technology should continue in the insurance industry as these would play a significant role in ensuring that efficiencies and effectiveness of business processes are achieved. The Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA) should also develop policies that encourage innovation and the adoption of technology. The authority whilst exercising due diligence in its mandate to protect consumers should ensure policies do not stifle the growth and creativity of insurers. The regulatory body should also strive to create a favourable environment for the adoption of disruptive technologies.